Annex OrbisFMCSA · SAFETY STATISTICS
What puts trucks and drivers out of service?
The most frequent out-of-service violations in our indexed FMCSA inspection records, ranked by violation code.
Recorded violations13,571,170
Out-of-service violations2,411,961
Violation codes2,379
All violation codes
Highest OOS count first. Codes with no recorded OOS occurrences appear last.
| Violation code | Description | OOS occurrences | All occurrences | Share of all OOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 172.504A | Vehicle not placarded as required | 706 | 1,499 | 0.03% |
| 393.118 | No/improper lumber/building materials securement | 690 | 694 | 0.03% |
| 393.116E-CL | Logs - Improper securement of logs loaded lengthwise on flatbed and frame vehicles | 689 | 690 | 0.03% |
| 393.71H10 | No or Improper safety chains for towbar | 689 | 749 | 0.03% |
| 393.9A-LHLIWR | Lighting - Headlamps - Both inoperative when required to be on. | 688 | 785 | 0.03% |
| 392.9BA-INACTIVEINTRA | Operating a commercial motor vehicle in intrastate commerce without an active USDOT number when required | 683 | 2,402 | 0.03% |
| 391.41A1-NPH | Operating a property-carrying vehicle without possessing a valid medical certificate - no previous history | 682 | 17,619 | 0.03% |
| 393.207E | Torsion bar cracked and/or broken | 671 | 1,608 | 0.03% |
| 383.23A2-LCDLNP | License (CDL) - Operate a CMV while not in possession of a CDL on person | 669 | 4,798 | 0.03% |
| 393.201A-FRMS | Frame - Cracked/loose/sagging/broken frame member permitting shifting of body | 667 | 717 | 0.03% |
| 393.9H | Inoperable head lamps | 664 | 64,814 | 0.03% |
| 393.83A | Exhaust System - Location of Exhaust - Exhaust system of any commercial motor vehicle located as to allow burning, charring, or damaging the electrical wiring, th | 660 | 800 | 0.03% |
| 393.11A1-LPLMWR | Lighting - Projecting load - Any Lamp on projecting load missing when required to be on. | 655 | 670 | 0.03% |
| 393.209C-STSCL | Steering - Steering column has looseness in the u-bolt or positioning part | 643 | 661 | 0.03% |
| 396.3A1-STLT | Steering - Looseness in the threaded joint of a tie rod or drag link | 636 | 688 | 0.03% |
| 393.116F-CL | Logs - Improper securement of logs transported on pole trailers | 633 | 641 | 0.03% |
| 393.207C-SSLMS | Suspension - A spring leaf is missing or separated | 633 | 636 | 0.03% |
| 393.51B-BFWS | Hydraulic Brake failure warning system defective, or activated while engine is running | 629 | 633 | 0.03% |
| 395.8E1-HOSPVIDOOS | HOS (Passenger) - Driver produces a false record of duty status that concealed an HOS limitation violation after the last rest period. Explain: | 627 | 804 | 0.03% |
| 393.47D1-BLTBD-SA | Drum Brake - Inadequate lining/pad thickness on a steering axle | 624 | 681 | 0.03% |
| 393.62-BEI | Buses - Required emergency exit inoperative (does not open, close and/or secure as designed) | 616 | 666 | 0.03% |
| 393.209D-STYCIS | Steering - Looseness of the yoke-coupling to the input shaft | 614 | 621 | 0.03% |
| 177.823A-HMTVMMCNID | HM (Transport Vehicle Markings) - 50% or more of the required ID numbers are missing for each material | 605 | 607 | 0.03% |
| 393.209D-STGBL | Steering - Gear box mounting bolt loose | 605 | 615 | 0.03% |
| 393.52A-B | Insufficient Braking Force as a Percentage of Gross Vehicle Weight or Gross Combination Weight | 603 | 607 | 0.03% |
| 392.2-SLLEWG1 | State/Local Laws - Excessive weight - 1-2500 lbs over on allowable gross weight | 601 | 31,708 | 0.02% |
| 395.8E-HOSPCDOOS | HOS (Property) - Co-driver produces a false record of duty status with an apparent attempt to conceal hours. Explain | 594 | 3,033 | 0.02% |
| 392.2SLLHOS | State/Local Laws - State/Local Hours of Service | 589 | 2,652 | 0.02% |
| 393.104B-C | Cargo - Damaged securement devices/tiedowns | 583 | 10,975 | 0.02% |
| 177.823A-HMPMCNP | HM (Placarding) - Any placard(s) misrepresent(s) the HM/DG being transported. CVSA Inspection Bulletin 2017-03 - Display of GHS Labels on Bulk Packages | 581 | 637 | 0.02% |
| 393.70D-CDTSDNS | Coupling - Full Trailer, safety devices not attached/not able to be secured | 581 | 599 | 0.02% |
| 393.130B | Item not properly prepared for transport | 577 | 593 | 0.02% |
| 393.75A1-TBTP | Tires - Bias ply - Has more than one ply exposed in the tread area exceeding 2 square inches | 577 | 809 | 0.02% |
| 392.3 | Operating a CMV while ill or fatigued | 576 | 586 | 0.02% |
| 393.47A-BCLMAD-SA | Air Disc Brake - Cracked / loose / missing lining or pad on a steering axle | 573 | 618 | 0.02% |
| 393.100C-C | Cargo - Cargo not secured against shifting | 572 | 6,987 | 0.02% |
| 393.205A-WRLR | Wheel/Rim - Lock or side ring damaged/improperly seated | 565 | 576 | 0.02% |
| 395.8A-HOSPVI | HOS (Passenger) - Failing to have a record of duty status using the method prescribed | 565 | 661 | 0.02% |
| 393.201A-VUCS | Van/OT Trailers - Upper rail flange broken with complete separation | 549 | 559 | 0.02% |
| 392.2H | State/Local Hours of Service | 548 | 1,276 | 0.02% |
| 393.43A-TSV | Air Brake - Inoperable or missing trailer supply valve | 545 | 606 | 0.02% |
| 392.3-I | Illness - Operating a CMV while impaired by illness or other cause. | 542 | 551 | 0.02% |
| 391.49J-MDP | Medical (Driver Physical) - Operating a CMV without a valid skill performance evaluation certificate in possession when required | 537 | 548 | 0.02% |
| 392.4A-UI | Driver on duty and under the influence of, or using a narcotic drug / amphetamine, which renders the driver incapable of safe operation | 536 | 540 | 0.02% |
| 393.47A-BDC | Brake - Drum has any external crack, or has any crack that opens upon brake application | 535 | 554 | 0.02% |
| 393.83G-ELDC | Exhaust System - Any exhaust system leaking at a point forward of or directly below the driver/sleeper compartment and the vehicle has a condition that permits en | 535 | 629 | 0.02% |
| 396.3A1-PAW | Pitman Arm - welded / missing nuts | 530 | 558 | 0.02% |
| 172.502A1 | Prohibited placarding | 517 | 2,133 | 0.02% |
| 393.47A-BCFSBD | Drum Brake - Contaminated friction surface | 500 | 8,921 | 0.02% |
| 383.51A-NSOUT | Driving a CMV while CDL is suspended for a non-safety-related reason and outside the state of driver's license issuance | 499 | 1,467 | 0.02% |
How to read this report
Each indexed violation identity counts once. Only a violation explicitly marked out of service contributes to the OOS count. Repeated copies are counted once; conflicting code or OOS values are excluded. Unknown flags remain in all occurrences but not in the OOS count. Missing codes appear as “Code not reported”.
These are violation counts, not unique inspections, trucks, drivers, or carrier-wide out-of-service orders. Coverage describes the currently indexed inspection dataset, not all historical FMCSA records. Frequencies do not establish crash causation or a carrier’s safety rating.
Unknown OOS flags: 112 · Conflicting records excluded: 0
FMCSA source data ↗